How to cut sample from knit and woven fabric?

Fabric samples from warp and weft are taken separately as their properties vary substantially along warp and weft. Identify and mark the warp direction first. Make sure that no two specimens contain the same warp or weft threads. Mark and cut samples at least 2 inches away from the selvedge. Also, make sure not to take samples from creased, wrinkled or damaged portions of the fabric, if any. In the case of knit fabric, samples are taken from different parts of the fabric almost the same way as done for wovens.

Yarn Numbering System | Count

Count: It is a numerical expression of yarn fineness or coarseness and also indicates the relationship between length and weight (the mass per unit length or the length per unit mass) of that yarn. Another term ‘linear density’ is also used to express the yarn fineness or coarseness. We can have an idea about the yarn diameter by yarn count. 

Classification of Count:

1. Direct Count system (weight per unit length)

2. Indirect Count system (length per unit weight)

Direct Count system (weight per unit length): In this system, the weight of a fixed length of yarn is determined and the weight per unit length is the yarn count. The common feature of all direct count systems is the length of yarn fixed, and the weight of yarn varies according to its fineness. The following formula is used to calculate the yarn count: 

N= W / L

where, 

N = Yarn count or numbering system 

W = Weight of the sample at the official regain in the unit of the system 

L= Length of the sample

General Properties of Yarn

Various types of yarn properties according to the yarn classification have been summarized in the following table:

Yarn Types and Their Properties
Sl	Yarn Types	General Yarn Properties
1	Staple yarns - Combed cotton - Carded cotton - Synthetic and blends - Worsted - Woollen	Good hand, cover, comfort and textured appearance. Average strength and uniformity.
2	Continuous filament yarns - Natural - Man-made or synthetic	High strength, uniformity and possibility for very fine yarns. Fair hand and poor covering power.
3	Novelty Yarns - Fancy - Metallic	Decorative features and characteristics.
4	Industrial Yarns - Tyre cord - Rubber or elastic core - Multiply coated	Functional; designed and produced to satisfy a specific set of requirements.
5	High-bulk Yarns - Staple - Continuous filament (Taslan)	Great covering power with less weight, high loftiness or fullness.
6	Stretch Yarns - Twist-heat set-untwist - Crimp heat-set - Stress under tension - Knit-deknit - Gear crimp	High stretchability and cling without high pressure, good handle and covering power.

Spun yarn can be classified as either short-staple spinning or long-staple spinning. Staple fibre has a length of between 10 and 500 mm. Short staple fibre has a maximum length of 60 mm (cotton fibre is a short-staple at about 25–45 mm). Long-staple fibre has a length of more than 60 mm (wool fibre is a long-staple at about 60–150 mm).

Clothing Comfort

Clothing comfort is a very complex subjective perception, which relates to the interactions between fabrics, climatic, human physiological and psychological variables. Clothing comfort is a state of satisfaction indicating physiological, psychological and physical balance among the person.

Role and Responsibilities of a Buying Merchandiser

Engr. Dilruba Yeasmin

B.Sc. in Textile Engineering (BUTEX)

As we know, merchandising can be like apparel merchandising, fashion merchandising, and retail merchandising. Merchandising is the intermediary position between buyer and manufacturers aimed at ensuring the shipment at the right time with the right quality. Merchandiser, in fact, takes all the responsibilities concerned with the apparel order. Apparel merchandising can be performed both from the factory position and the buying representatives. The goal of both merchandisers is the same to ensure the quality goods on time. However, there is a slight difference between the role & responsibilities of a buying house merchandiser and a factory merchandiser. In buying house, the overall responsibilities are sub-divided into various sections like development unit, quotation unit, production unit, sourcing unit, etc. though it varies from buyer to buyer. But as a whole, the role & responsibilities of a buying Merchant are as follows- 

An Overview on Carbon Nanotubes

Materials of which single unit size is in between 1 to 1000 nanometers but usually is 1 to 100 nm are termed as the nanomaterials. Carbon Nanotubes ( a form of carbon allotrope) has been emerged as an amazing material of the 21 st century and attracted tremendous research interest due to its very exceptional properties. Still, rigorous research is being carried out on CNTs and CNTs based composites in almost all the spheres of science and engineering.

RFID | Applications in Textile & Apparel Industry

RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification Device. It is an automatic identification technology whereby digital data encoded in an RFID tag or smart label is captured by a reader using radio waves. In simpler terms, it is similar to bar code technology but uses radio waves to capture data from tags, rather than optically scanning the bar codes on a label. It does not require the tag or label to be seen to read its stored data. It is one of the key characteristics of the RFID system.

How RFID works?

RFID systems consist of three basic components:

1. A tag (also called a transponder)

2. An interrogator (a reader or a read/write device) and

3. A controller (a host).